Footnotes

• A bust-length copy of the original portrait by van Somer, painted c.1617 (National Portrait Gallery, London, Acq. no.NPG 127) is currently on show at the V&A Museum ('Treasures of the Royal Courts') and a full-length copy forms part of the Royal Collection (Inv. no.RCIN 401177). Paul van Somer worked in Amsterdam, Leiden, the Hague and Brussels before settling in London by December 1616. Whilst his working life in England would only last five years, he obtained commissions from the most elite of court patrons upon his arrival. He was responsible for two of the best known portraits of Anne, the other being his 1617 portrait in which the Queen, portrayed full-length, is dressed in hunting attire with her horse and hounds before Oatlands Palace (Royal Collection, Inv. no.RCIN 405887). An oval portrait miniature of the Queen by Isaac Oliver (Royal Collection, Inv. no.RCIN 420041), depicts her wearing the same two cipher jewels. According to Graham Reynolds, this miniature was probably painted shortly after the Queen received the crowned C4 jewel from her brother in 1611 (G. Reynolds, The Sixteenth and Seventeenth-Century Miniatures in the Collection of Her Majesty the Queen, 1999, p.90-91, ill.pl.53).
  
  The second child and eldest daughter of Frederick II of Denmark (1534-1588) and Queen Consort to James VI of Scotland and I of England and Ireland (1566-1625), Anne was known for her love of dance, music, plays and pageants, activities often frowned upon in Presbyterian Scotland but given a vibrant outlet in Jacobean London. This environment enabled Anne to create a culturally rich climate at court and news of the lavish masques she commissioned spread quickly. Anne's additional patronage of the artists, Paul van Somer, Isaac Oliver and Daniel Mytens enabled English portraiture to evolve and English tastes to be established. It was under her eye and dedication that the Royal Collection began to expand once more; a legacy that her son, Charles I (1600-1649) would later inherit and expand throughout his reign.