Footnotes

約1820年 錢納利（1774-1852） Fergusson夫人肖像 鉛筆水彩紙本 鏡心

Provenance: Martyn Gregory, London
Tuyet Nguyet and Stephen Markbreiter, Hong Kong
Martyn Gregory, London

Published, Illustrated and Exhibited: Martyn Gregory, Canton and the China Trade: An Exhibition of Early Pictures Relating to the Far East, catalogue 43, London, 1986, no.47
P. Conner, 'The China Coast Collection of Tuyet Nguyet and Stephen Markbreiter', Arts of Asia, March-April 1996, no.22 (published and illustrated)
Journey to the Far East - George Chinnery and the Art of Canton, Macao and Hong Kong in the 19th Century, Tokyo, 1996, cat.no.43
Martyn Gregory, Eastward Bound: Historical pictures by Western and Eastern artists on the China Coast, catalogue 102, London, 2021, p.30, no.30

來源：倫敦古董商 Martyn Gregory
Tuyet Nguyet和Stephen Markbreiter，香港
倫敦古董商Martyn Gregory

展覽著錄：Martyn Gregory，《Canton and the China Trade: An Exhibition of Early Pictures Relating to the Far East, catalogue 43》，倫敦，1986年，編號47
P. Conner，《The China Coast Collection of Tuyet Nguyet and Stephen Markbreiter》，《Arts of Asia》，1996年3-4月，編號22（著錄）
《Journey to the Far East - George Chinnery and the Art of Canton, Macao and Hong Kong in the 19th Century》，東京，1996年，圖錄編號43
Martyn Gregory，《Eastward Bound: Historical pictures by Western and Eastern artists on the China Coast, catalogue 102》，倫敦，2021年，第30頁，編號30

Mrs Fergusson is presumably Marie Josephine Augier (1796-1858), the wife of Robert Cutler Fergusson (1763-1838), the Advocate-General of Bengal. Chinnery painted an oil of Fergusson in the 1820's. She is depicted in front of an ornately framed picture of their grand Calcutta residence.

George Chinnery (1774–1852) was born in London, the son of a writing master and shorthand instructor. He exhibited miniature portraits at the Royal Academy from 1791 and later enrolled at the Royal Academy Schools in 1792. After relocating to Dublin in 1796, he expanded his repertoire to include oil portraits and landscapes. Following the abolition of the Irish Parliament, which led to the departure of many potential patrons, he returned to London in 1801. The next year, he sailed to Madras, where his brother worked for the East India Company, and later settled in Calcutta by 1812, establishing himself as the leading Western artist in British India.

Though successful and much in demand for portraits, Chinnery accumulated significant debt for reasons that remain unclear. After a brief stay in the Danish settlement of Serampore to evade British civil law, he sailed to Macao in 1825, seeking refuge from his creditors. There, he joined a vibrant community of European and American merchants who operated between Canton and Macao. He made the Portuguese enclave his home until his death in 1852, apart from excursions to Canton and Hong Kong.