Footnotes

The coffee pot on offer here was 'bequeathed' to General Paul Anderson by Lady Hester Lucy Stanhope. Anderson sought to have this coffee pot inscribed, so preserving a record of its history. The inscription records and suggests that this pot was previously gifted from King George III to William Pitt, then to his niece Lady Hester Stanhope.

The accompanying three letters present in this lot includes the draft / copy letter by General Anderson to Lord Stanhope dated 19th June 1840, in this Anderson makes reference to having an inscription engraved on the coffee pot, ("...I called...to look at the coffee pot...as I wished to have something on which I could have an inscription engraved and find it would exactly do...").
In another letter this lot was gifted to General Anderson from Lady Hester Lucy Stanhope.
It would appear Anderson received the silver-gilt coffee-pot from Lady Hester Stanhopes estate in 1844.

In 1806, George IV, as Prince of Wales, commissioned 'The Grand Service' from the royal goldsmiths, Rundell, Bridge and Rundell and included pieces made by Digby Scott and Benjamin Smith II.
The Egyptian style was the height of fashion in Regency England and pieces form part of the service.
It is possible that the present lot, a silver-gilt coffee-pot with its Egyptian style winged female monopodiae with hoof feet, rich gilding was intended to be part of that service. Our piece is hallmarked for 1805, whilst William Pitt was Prime Minister and just a year before his death on 23rd January 1806.

Digby Scott and Benjamin Smith's partnership was active between 1802 and 1807. Together they entertained a workshop at Greenwich, supplying many of their works directly to Rundell, Bridge & Rundell, royal goldsmith from 1797. Including items for 'The Grand Service'.
'The Grand Service' held in the Royal Collection is formed of over 4000 pieces remains in use to this day and is placed on the table for State Banquets at Windsor Castle and Buckingham Palace, as well as for other official and ceremonial events.

This lot is accompanied with three letters, relating to the estate of Lady Hester Stanhope and General Anderson.

(i) an autographed letter signed ("Mahon") addressed Grosvenor Place, Nov 19 1844, Lord Mahon to General Paul Anderson. ("My dear General Having by an offer to the administrators which they accepted, obtained possession of those trinkets of my aunt Lady Hester which were opened the other day in our presence. I now beg leave in my fathers' name to send what seemed the most considerable among them, namely the silver-gilt coffee-pot, as a keepsake of Lady Hester to her best surviving friend. I shall be very glad if this little token should as I hope be interesting to you, ... my dear General your very faithful servant Mahon")

(ii) an autographed letter signed ("Stanhope") Lady Hester's brother, addressed No 14 Stanhope Street, June 15th 1840, Lord Stanhope to General Paul Anderson.
Addressing issues and distribution of relics from Lady Hester's estate. Referencing the coffee pot and the wishes of Lord Stanhope to keep for himself a locket containing Mr Pitt's hair and proposing to offer the gold powder horn to the Duke of Buckingham.

(iii) a draft / copy letter from General Anderson to Lord Stanhope dated 19 Jun 40. In this letter Anderson makes reference to having an inscription engraved on the coffee pot.
Written with his left hand due to being wounded whilst in Egypt at the Battle of Alexandria, when he was shot in his right arm necessitating him writing with his left hand for the rest of his life.
("My Lord I delayed answering your Lordships very obliging letter of the 15th...I called on Ms Coutts to look at the coffee pot...as I wished to have something on which I could have an inscription engraved and find it would exactly do...")

Provenance:
Lieutenant-General Paul Anderson CB, (1767-1851) of Waterford; thence by descent to the present owner.
The accompanying private letters show this lot was gifted to General Anderson from the estate of Lady Hester Lucy Stanhope.
In our letter (i) General Anderson is offered the gift of a silver-gilt coffee-pot and stand which was sent to him by Lord Mahon ("... as a keepsake of Lady Hester to her best surviving friend").

Lady Hester Lucy Stanhope (1776-1839), traveller, writer, and archaeologist

Lady Hester Lucy Stanhope was born into one of the most powerful political families in Britain. Hester was granddaughter of William Pitt the elder, 1st Earl of Chatham, eldest daughter of Charles Stanhope, Lord Mahon, the 3rd Earl Stanhope and niece of William Pitt the younger.
For a brief period Lady Hester Stanhope was at the heart of British politics, living with her uncle, the Prime Minister William Pitt the younger, at Walmer Castle and in London at Downing Street from 1803 until his death in 1806.

Lady Hester, who enjoyed life as a young woman of privilege, was intelligent and confident, with a sharp wit and interests that extended far beyond typical genteel pursuits.
Pitt once said of her "I wish my generals had an ounce of the wit and intelligence of my niece."
After a brief peace with France Hester travelled in Europe on the Grand Tour, returning to England in July 1803. Not wanting to say with her eccentric father and upon the death of her grandmother Hester was invited by her uncle, William Pitt the younger, to come and live with him at Walmer Castle. Whilst there, Hester was responsible for the new landscaping to the rear of the castle. Which later evolved into the magnificent gardens that currently exist.
Here and later in London when Pitt returned as Prime Minister at Downing Street, she was at the heart of power, becoming his 'hostess' and trusted confidante, mixing with the high and mighty of contemporary society, gaining political insight, and exercising power and influence.
She was often with him on business, his life became hers, as she confessed in a letter in January 1804 "I cannot pretend to tell you what will become of me this winter, as it will all depend upon Mr Pitt's plans, which you know circumstances must govern."
With many of her so-called friends abandoning her after Pitt's death and that of the latest love of her life, General Sir John Moore at Corunna in Spain in 1809. These were emotional blows. She kept Moore's bloodstained glove, brought back from Corunna, for the rest of her life. At the age of 28 Hester set off on a 'short' journey to the East that was to last 35 years. She became one of the great travellers of the age, a pioneering archaeologist, eventually settling in what is now Lebanon. In a letter to Anderson she mentions even adopting their dress ("...sometimes as a Turk, sometimes as an Arab, & riding as I do like a man...")
Hester Stanhope living, increasingly eccentric and in debt, died at the hilltop compound at Dar Jun alone save for her servants, on 23 June 1839. She died penniless aged 63.

William Pitt (28 May 1759 – 23 January 1806)
William Pitt, was a British statesman, second son of William Pitt (the elder) and himself Prime Minister, at the age of 24 he was the youngest ever Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1783 until he left office in 1801, but served as Prime Minister again from 1804 until his death in 1806 at the age of 46.
The formation of the Pitt Government brought monarch and government onto the same side.
For all of his time as prime minister he was also Chancellor of the Exchequer.
Over the issue of Roman Catholic emancipation, Pitt found himself opposed both by Cabinet but more importantly the King. Pitt was unable to change the King's strong views, and said that he would never again press the Catholic question during the King's reign. This led to Pitt resigning as Prime Minister on 14 March 1801.
Pitt, as a backbencher during the session of 1802–03 never attended Parliament, living in Walmer Castle. in Kent, which came with his role as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports.
Here his niece Lady Hester Stanhope designed and managed the gardens and acted as his hostess.
On 30th April 1804 Pitt was informed that the King wished him to plan a new ministry and returned as Prime Minister on 10th May.
With Pitt's health now failing, he made his last public speech at the Guildhall in London on November 9, 1805. By January 15, 1806, some of his colleagues were determined to force him to resign as the only means of saving his life, and the King was thinking about his successor. Pitt died a few weeks later and was buried in Westminster Abbey on 22 February 1806.

Lieutenant-Colonel Paul Anderson CB, (1767-1851), Sir John Moore's aide-de-camp and friend of Lady Hester Stanhope (1776 - 1839)

Whilst Lieutenant-Colonel Paul Anderson enjoyed a distinguished military career, he is perhaps best-known as Sir John Moore's 'most perfect' aide-de-camp who was by his side when Moore was killed at the Battle of Corunna on 14 January 1809, and who wrote what is seen as the definitive account of Moore's final hours. Anderson also commissioned an enormous oil-painting of the burial scene from Mr George Jones, R.A. Although sometime after the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars and exhibited long after the battle itself the composition was drawn from Anderson's personal recollection.

Research: including from a collection of autographed letters offered in these rooms 20th June 2024, lots 85 and 88
provenance: Lieutenant-Colonel Paul Anderson (1767-1851) of Waterford; thence by descent to the present owner.

Lady Hester Stanhope began her correspondence with Lieutenant-Colonel Paul Anderson (1767-1851) after the death of Sir John Moore at the Battle of Corunna in 1809. Anderson, Moore's longstanding aide-de-camp, was with Moore when he died, with her name on his lips, his last words to Lady Hester's brother Charles were ('Stanhope, remember me to your sister'). Whilst Anderson always insisted that Moore never intended to marry Hester but rather Lady Caroline Fox, Hester mourned him with an overwhelming sense of loss, retaining mementoes of him all her life including a blood-stained glove which she took with her to Syria. On his return from Spain, Anderson visited Hester in London and recounted the events surrounding Moore's death, and that of her half-brother Charles, who died on the same day. Subsequently, as Hester wrote to a friend '...almost the only one I have devoted my time to since, is Colonel Anderson, an officer who has served fifteen years with the dear General, and whom Charles loved and respected as he deserves... One of our great comforts is to hear Anderson talk over and praise those who are no more. He has been most seriously wounded in former actions... and quite broken-hearted...' (The Duchess of Cleveland, The Life and Letters of Lady Hester Stanhope, 1914, pp.81-82). She enlisted his help in writing a memoir of the late general, and a long-standing correspondence followed.

Hester Stanhope living, increasingly eccentric and in debt, died in the Lebanon at the hilltop compound at Dar Jun alone save for her servants, on 23 June 1839.
Hester Lucy Stanhope Will was reported to her ladyship's relatives in England, by Messrs Coutts. It was dated September 28, 1807, and left everything, except a few personal mementos, to her two brothers, both whom had predeceased her. No other member of the family was mentioned in the will. The Hon. Charles Stanhope, was killed at Corunna in 1809.
A codicil, dated January 1, 1810, appointed Lieutenant-Colonel Paul Anderson of the 60th Regiment of Foot, residuary legatee and executor.

To Andersons surprise in October 1839, he receive a ceremonious and beautifully written letter from Lord Stanhope [offered in these rooms 20th June 2024 as part of lot 88] confirming Anderson's appointment as Hester's executor and residuary legatee, also communicating ("...I learn from Consul Moore that her Debts in Syria are believed to amount to £7,000 & her Assets in that country to be worth about £400... sum in the hands of her Bankers will be nearly £2,000... some Trinkets and other articles... a silver gilt Coffee Pot and Stand, a gold Powder Horn which had belonged to Tippoo Saib, & a Pearl Locket containing Mr Pitt's hair...")

Anderson wrote back firmly in his left-hand script... he must decline to take Probate of her Will...' (Carola Oman, Sir John Moore, 1953, pp.634-635) but he was ready to perform any act that should be requisite to enable her Ladyship's family to administer.

Lieutenant-Colonel Paul Anderson CB, (1767-1851)

Lieutenant-Colonel Paul Anderson (1767-1851) of the 78th Highlanders came from a well-established Waterford family of Scottish descent, and joined Moore in Dublin in 1792 after three year's service with the 51st Regiment of Foot in Gibraltar and Corsica: '...a noticeably neat-looking young military man – shirt, frill, cravat, all exactly as they should be...' (Oman, p.75) and by all accounts widely liked. He served with Moore at St Vincent and St Lucia after transferring to the 31st in 1795 and saved Moore's life there when he contracted yellow fever by insisting that he could be revived when all hope was lost. He saw further action with Moore during the Irish Rebellion of 1798, in Holland during the Helder Expedition of 1799 and in Egypt. Whilst in Egypt he was shot in his right arm at the Battle of Alexandria, necessitating him writing with his left hand for the rest of his life. In 1805 he obtained a Lieutenant-Colonelcy in the Nova Scotia Fencibles, from which he was removed to the 60th Foot in 1808. He accompanied Moore to Sicily as Assistant Adjutant-General in 1806 and, of course, to Spain in 1809.

Anderson never married and remained childless but, according to his Will, provided for his nephews and nieces, the offspring of his brother Joshua of Co. Wicklow. '...The sunset of Paul Anderson's life was long and happy. He was appointed Governor of Pendennis Castle when he was sixty-four... He retired to 10, Paragon Buildings, Bath... surrounded by relics testifying to his having served in the most active and confidential situations under that Great Officer, Sir John Moore...' (Oman, p.635).
Lieutenant General Anderson died unmarried at Bath on the 12th December 1851.

His medals The Small Army Gold Medal group of three to Lieutenant General P. Anderson, Colonel of the 78th Highlanders, were sold in these rooms on 23 November 2016, lot 256.

Anderson's account of Sir John Moore

He was for twenty one years the friend and companion in arms of Sir John Moore, on the morning after the death of the General, he wrote the following account:
"I met the General, in the evening of the 16th, bringing in a blanket and sashes. He knew me immediately, though it was almost dark, squeezed me by the hand, and said, 'Anderson, don't leave me.' He spoke to the surgeons on their examining his wound, but was in such pain he could say little. After some time, he seemed very anxious to speak to me, and at intervals got out as follows: 'Anderson, you know that I have always wished to die this way.' He then asked, 'Are the French beaten?' which he repeated to every one he knew, as they came in. 'I hope the people of England will be satisfied!- I hope my country will do me justice!-Anderson, you will see my friends as soon as you can; tell them -every thing. -Say to my mother'- here his voice quite failed, and he was excessively agitated.- 'Hope-Hope-I have much to say to him, but cannot get it out. Are Colonel Graham and all my Aides-de-Camp well?' (A private sign was made by Colonel Anderson not to inform him that Captain Burrard, one of his Aides-de-Camp, was wounded in the action.) 'I have made my will, and have remembered my servants. Colborne has my will- and all my papers.' Major Colborne then came into the room. He spoke most kindly to him, and then said to me. 'Anderson, remember you go to - and tell him it is my request, and that I expect he will give Major Colborne a Lieutenant-Colonelcy. He has been long with me, and I know him most worthy of it.' He then asked Major Colborne, 'if the French were beaten ?' and, on being told they were, on every point, he said, 'It's a great satisfaction for me to know we have beaten the French, Is Paget in the room?' On my telling him, no; he said, 'Remember me to him. It's General Paget I mean; he is a fine fellow. I feel myself so strong, I fear I shall be long dying.- It is great uneasiness- it is great pain.- Every thing Francois says is right; I have the greatest confidence in him.' He thanked the surgeons for their trouble. Captains Percy and Stanhope, two of his Aides-de-Camp, then came into the room. He spoke kindly to both, and asked Percy 'if all his Aides-de-Camp were well?' After some interval he said, 'Stanhope, remember me to your sister.' He pressed my hand close to his body, and in a few minutes died without a struggle. This was every syllable he uttered, as far as I can recollect, except asking occasionally to be placed in an easier posture.
(Signed) "P.Anderson, Lieutenant-Colonel."

The design of this pot was very popular in the early 19th century. Showing the classical and Egyptian revivals of the early nineteenth century which followed archaeological discoveries and territorial conquests in Italy and the Nile, around the time of the Napoleonic wars.
This was popularised by the publication of books such as Vivant Denon's Voyage dans la Basse et la Haute Egypte that became available in England and France in 1802.
Made with slight variations of ornament, the design of this pot derives from a drawing attributed to the French artist and designer Jean-Jacques Boileau, held in The Victoria & Albert Museum. A number of Boileau characteristics include the plain lower body contrasting with bands of ornament.
Boileau came to Britain around 1787 as a mural painter in order to work with the architect Henry Holland (1745-1806) on the decoration of Carlton House, London, for the Prince of Wales. In time Boileau later turned his hand to silver design and he became a well-known designer for Rundell, Bridge & Rundell's and other companies and clients.
A similar design of pot is held in The Victorian and Albert Museum, attributed to Jean-Jacques Boileau, the pot is by Paul Storr and the stand by Digby Scott & Benjamin Smith, the latter being the makers of the present lot.
Also in the collection the of The Victoria and Albert Museum is a tea urn also after a design by Jean-Jacques Boileau.
A pair of silver-gilt fruit wine coolers, also by Digby Scott and Benjamin Smith II, London 1805, in the Egyptian manner with similar ornamentation and winged sphinxes, were sold by Christies, The Alan & Simone Hartman Collection of Regency Silver 20th October 1999.
Now held in The Metropolitan Museum of Art is The Duke of Buckingham tea and coffee service, made by Scott and Smith includes a coffee pot that closely resembles the design, also hallmarked for 1805.

Literature:
accessed via English Heritage
https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/walmer-castle-and-gardens/history-and-stories/hester-stanhope/#:~:text=Born%20into%20one%20of%20the,until%20his%20death%20in%201806.

accessed via Royal Collection Trust
https://www.rct.uk/collection/stories/the-grand-service

The item within this lot containing ivory has been registered in accordance with the Ivory Act (Section 10), reference no. (NEY62WF2)