Footnotes

商 青銅戈父己觚

Provenance:
The Numina Collection, Hong Kong

來源：
香港玉古堂收藏

Published and Illustrated:
Luo Zhenyu, Zhensong tang jigu yiwen (Supplement to the Gathering of Ancient Writings at the Zhensongtang Studio), 1930, vol.9, p.5, no.1 (manuscripts of inscription)
Luo Zhenyu, Sandai jijin wencun (Surviving Writings from the Xia, Shang, and Zhou Dynasties), Beijing, 1937, vol.14, p.26, no.5 (inscription rubbing)
Wang Xiantang, Guoshi jinshi zhigao (A Record of Bronze and Stone Inscriptions in Chinese History), manuscript, 1943, p.969. no.110 (inscription rubbing)
Yan Yiping, Jinwen Zongji (Corpus of Bronze Inscriptions), Taipei, 1983, no.6152 (inscription rubbing)
The Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Yinzhou jinnuen jicheng (Compendium of Yin and Zhou Bronze Inscriptions), Beijing, 1984, no.7135 (inscription rubbing)
Wu Zhenfeng, Shangzhou qingtongqi mingwen ji tuxiang jicheng (Compendium of Inscriptions and Images of Bronzes from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties), Shanghai, 2012, no.9700 (inscription rubbing)

出版及著錄：
羅振玉，《貞松堂集古遺文》，1930年，卷9，頁5，編號1 （銘文抄本）
羅振玉，《三代吉金文存》，北京，1937年，卷14，頁26，編號5（銘文拓本）
王獻唐，《國史金石志稿》，手稿本，1943年，頁969，編號110（銘文拓本）
嚴一萍，《金文總集》，台北，1983年，編號6152（銘文拓本）
中國社會科學院考古研究所，《殷周金文集成》，北京，1984年，編號7135（銘文拓本）
吳鎮烽，《商周青銅器銘文暨圖像集成》，2012年，編號9700（銘文拓本）

Ge fuyi may be understood as 'this piece made for (or by) the Father of Yi in Ge family'. The rubbings of this gu are well documented in major publications of research on archaic Chinese bronze inscriptions since 1930. Although only rubbings have been recorded, the present lot can still be identified by the unique traces on the rubbings comparable to those on the piece. The 'Ge family' appeared to be active and powerful during the Shang and early Western Zhou dynasty according to surviving bronze vessels cast with this family pictogram.

Unlike extravagant high-relief motifs on other gu vessels in the late Shang or early Western Zhou dynasty, motifs on this lot were cast with a smooth and flat finish, which may suggest some influence from other regions outside the core area of the Shang dynasty. Compare with a similar gu in Sen-Oku Hakukokan Musuem, Kyoto, and another similar gu collected by Shobei Itou, both illustrated by Rong Geng, Haiwai jijin tulu, Beijing, 1935, pls.78-79.


觚喇叭口，頸內束，腹微鼓，高圈足外撇，頸部飾四片蕉葉紋，蕉葉內填以雷紋及蟬紋，腹部前後出戟，以戟為鼻，兩側飾凸起眼部，組成抽象獸面紋，雷紋填地，腹下飾弦紋兩匝，圈足飾兩組四面獸面紋，眼部凸起，雷紋填地。

圈足內部一側鑄陰文三字：「戈父己」，另有墨書0-1-187編號。銘文與著錄拓本比較可見剃銹痕跡，「父」一捺波磔處原有小塊鏽跡或土塊，拓本可見一角，而實物銘文內的填充物已剃去。戈氏銘文的銅器集中出現在商代晚期及西周早期。此器工滿三層，紋飾平面而規整。圈足獸面紋一反對稱形態，而是以四面相同半面獸臉，首尾相接而成。可比較日本住友春翠藏一件祖壬觚及京都伊藤庄兵衛藏饕餮纹觚，此三觚形制、紋飾如出一轍，見容庚編，《海外吉金圖錄》，北京，1935年，圖版78及79。