Footnotes

WILL WITNESSED BY JOHN FRANKLIN & GEORGE BACK BEFORE THE DEPARTURE OF FRANKLIN'S FIRST ARCTIC EXPEDITION TO SPITZBERGEN. Lieutenant Arthur Morrell was an experienced naval officer, having served in the Caribbean and in the Napoleonic Wars, and joined the crew of the Dorothea under Captain David Buchan as First Lieutenant in 1818, the expedition being under the overall command of John Franklin on H M Brig Trent. Their instructions 'directed that they were to make the best of their way into the Spitzbergen seas, where they should endeavour to pass to the northward, between Spitzbergen and Greenland... and use their best endeavours to reach the North Pole – with a suggestion, that where the sea is deepest and least connected with land, it will be found most clear of ice.' (John Barrow, Voyages of the Discovery and Research within the Arctic Regions, 1846, p.63). Buchan and Franklin however were beaten by the impenetrable pack ice and, after the Dorothea was damaged in a storm, were forced to return without success. In the years of peace it is said Morrell 'nearly broke his heart for want of employment' (Clements Robert Markham, report, The RGS and the Arctic Expedition of 1875-76) but was awarded the Arctic Medal in 1856 and served as the Governor of Ascension Island for sixteen years. Morrell's Log of the Dorothea providing meteorological observations and notes of the voyage is held in the National Archives at Kew (ADM55/36).

Accompanying Franklin on the Trent and fellow witness to Morrell's will on this 'first modern voyage of discovery' (A.H. Beesley, ODNB) was George Back who was also to serve under Franklin in his two overland expeditions to survey the northern coast of North America. An accomplished artist, he also served as an advisor during the Admiralty's search for Franklin's lost 1845 expedition. The executor Robert Brine was a naval agent based in London who offered legal advice and representation to Naval officers and acted as Franklin's agent in financial affairs.