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Nathan the Wise is a play published by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing in Germany in 1779. The work was a metaphor and fervent plea of Lessing's desire for religious tolerance. Although forbidden by the church during the playwrights lifetime, it was first performed in 1783 at the Döbbelinsches Theater (de) in Berlin.
Set in Jerusalem during the Third Crusade, it describes how the wise Jewish merchant Nathan, the enlightened sultan Saladin, and the (initially anonymous) Templar bridge their gaps between Judaism, Islam and Christianity. Its major themes are friendship, tolerance, relativism of God, a rejection of miracles and a need for communication.