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GEORGE III Autograph letter signed ("George R"), to his son Frederick, Duke of York ("My Dear Frederick"), telling him that he really must be firmer when dealing with the King's ministers, Queen's House, 20 March 1795
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GEORGE III
Footnotes
ʻALL THE DISASTERS IN THE DIFFERENT SERVICES FROM THE OUTSET OF THIS WAR' – GEORGE III OUTLINES STRATEGIC AIMS IN THE WAR AGAINST FRANCE, and teaches his son how best to deal with the unrealistic demands of ministers, in a letter written to help prepare him for the office of Commander-in-Chief of the Army which he was to assume two weeks later, on 3 April (having already been promoted Field Marshal on 18 February, following his recall from active command in the Low Countries).
George III was especially close to Frederick: ʻThe King loved three people deeply: his brother William, Duke of Gloucester; his son Frederick, Duke of York; and the Queen... To King George the Duke of York could do no wrong' (John Brooke, King George III, 1985 edition, pp. 262 & 353). As commander-in-chief, he is generally recognised as having improved conditions in the army and its efficiency; even if, thanks to his liaison with the fortune-hunter Mary Anne Clarke, he became mired in scandal, and, thanks to the nursery rhyme, is now best remembered for marching his men up the hill and marching them down again. All the same, no less an authority than the Duke of Wellington, who was to succeed to the post on his death, thought well of his reforms (Brooke, p. 352; for letters between the two, see our Waterloo sale on 1 April).
This remarkably revealing letter well illustrates George III's view of the war and relations with ministers: ʻThe King's part in the war differed little from that he has taken during the American war. Although he appointed a commander-in-chief of the army (in 1793 Lord Amherst, succeeded in 1795 by the Duke of York), he exercised close supervision and control over army affairs. Returns were regularly sent to him, he decided on promotions... The King repeatedly warned Dundas as he had done North against trying to do too much. "We must not have too many irons in the fire", he wrote on 16 November 1793; and on 19 August 1795: "The truth is we attempt too many objects at the same time." Finally the cabinet came round and a minute of 7 September 1795 recorded this advice: "His Majesty's British troops are inadequate to all the objects in which the interests of this country are essentially involved" – exactly as King George had told North nearly twenty years before' (Brooke, pp. 363-4). See illustration at page 49.





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