Footnotes

PROVENANCE:
The Artist
With New London Gallery, London
With Marlborough Fine Art, London
The James Clarke Estate, Dallas
Private Collection, U.S.A.

EXHIBITED:
Bath, Victoria Art Gallery, Three Masters of Modern British Painting: Sir Matthew Smith, Victor Pasmore, Francis Bacon, organised by the Arts Council of Great Britain, 24 May-7 June 1958, cat.no.39; this exhibition later travelled to Carlisle, Art Gallery, 14-28 June, Shrewsbury, Art Gallery, 5-26 July, Bournemouth, Bournemouth College of Art, 2-23 August, Manchester, City Art Gallery, 30 August-20 September and Cheltenham, Art Gallery, 27 September-18 October Tokyo, Metropolitan Art Gallery-The Mainichi Newspapers, The Fifth International Art Exhibition, 1959; this exhibition later travelled to Osaka, Takamatsu, Yawata, Hiroshima, Fukuoka, Ube, Saseho and Nakamura, Middlesbrough, Museum and Art Gallery, Penwith Society of Arts, Tenth Anniversary Exhibition, 16 January-6 February 1960, cat.no.28 (dated to 1950); this exhibition later travelled to Nottingham, Victoria Street Art Gallery, 13 February-5 March, Cirencester, Corn Hall, 12 March-2 April, Eastbourne, Towner Art Gallery, 9-30 April, Norwich, Castle Museum, 7-28 May, Newport, Museum and Art Gallery, 4-25 June and Liverpool, Walker Art Gallery, 2-23 July, Lisbon, Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, Arte Britânica no Século XX, 13 February-3 March 1962, cat.no.47, Hanover, Kestner-Gesellschaft, Victor Pasmore, May-June 1962, cat.no.22, Zurich, Galerie Charles Lienhard, Victor Pasmore, January-February 1963 (as Relief Painting Construction Black & White) Bern, Kunsthalle, Victor Pasmore, William Scott, 12 July-18 August 1963, cat.no.12 (ill.b&w as Spatial Structure/Relief Painting in Black and White) London, Tate Gallery, Victor Pasmore, 14 May-27 June 1965, cat.no.115, pl.49 (ill.b&w) Edinburgh, Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Victor Pasmore, 3-25 July 1965, cat.no.35; this exhibition later travelled to Liverpool, Walker Art Gallery, 1-22 August Chicago, Museum of Contemporary Art, 26 October-1 December 1968 (as Relief/Construction/Relief) Probably Bradford, Cartwright Hall, Victor Pasmore, organised by the Arts Council of Great Britain, 2 February-9 March 1980, cat.no.24 (as Projective Relief in Black and White); this exhibition later travelled to Liverpool, Walker Art Gallery, 15 March-11 May, Norwich, Sainsbury Centre, UEA, 20 May-15 June, Leicester, Leicestershire Museum and Art Gallery, 21 June-20 July, Newcastle, Laing Art Gallery, 26 July-25 August and London, Royal Academy, 13 September-19 October

LITERATURE:
Alan Bowness and Luigi Lambertini, Victor Pasmore, A Catalogue Raisonné of Paintings, Constructions and Graphics 1926-1979, Thames and Hudson, London, 1980, cat.no.184, p.111 (ill.b&w, as Abstract in Black and White) Alastair Grieve, Constructed Abstract Art in England; A Neglected Avant-Garde, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2005, p.115-116, pl.136 (ill.b&w as Projective Relief in Black & White) Alastair Grieve (ed.), Victor Pasmore, Writings and Interviews, Tate Publishing, London, 2010, p.63, pl.38 (col.ill as Abstract in Black and White)

In Alastair Grieve's literature on constructed abstract art in Britain, the author comments on the present lot, 'Since 1953 orthogonals were the rule in Pasmore's reliefs and the elements and materials were steadily refined. This is very evident in a relief of 1954-5 entitled Projective Relief in Black and White where the disposition of simple forms creates a sense of rotation and of exactly calculated,
asymmetric balance. The deeply projecting planes look forward to Pasmore's reliefs of the late fifties and also to those started in 1956 by the Dutch Constructionist Joost Baljeu, who used the same rotational formation.' (Alastair Grieve, Constructed Abstract Art in England, Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 2005, p.115)