Footnotes

• Treasury 1, no. 120
  
  白玉三多圖鼻煙壺
  傳蘇作，1720～1780
  
  A nephrite 'auspicious plants' snuff bottle
  
  Flawless nephrite; very well hollowed, with a recessed convex foot; carved with a continuous landscape scene with two bats flying above a fruiting peach tree, another tree with both Buddha's hand citrons and pomegranates growing from it and a wutong, with a lingzhi and some small foliage growing from a rocky ground, with wispy clouds floating above
  Attributable to Suzhou, 1720–1780
  Height: 6.13 cm
  Mouth/lip: 0.71/2.20 cm
  Stopper: tourmaline; jadeite collar
  
  Condition: Small line tracking upwards towards base, possibly smoothed out; workshop condition
  
  Provenance:
  Robert Hall (1985)
  
  Published:
  Kleiner 1987, no. 52
  Treasury 1, no. 120
  
  Exhibited:
  Sydney L. Moss Ltd., London, October 1987
  Creditanstalt, Vienna, May–June 1993
  
  The material here represents the highest standard of purity of white material aspired to by Suzhou carvers of the first phase of snuff-bottle carving It comes as close to pure white when set against a piece of white paper as it seems possible to achieve in nephrite, which always has some slight hint of colour. The carving is typically understated for first-phase Suzhou wares, with masterly control applied to very low relief carving set against a perfectly flat and beautifully finished ground plane. Kleiner commented that a certain stiffness in the carving suggested a nineteenth-century date for this bottle (Kleiner 1987, p. 45), but we perceive no such stiffness. On the contrary, the carving seems entirely fluent and superbly controlled.
  
  The carving style, material and quality of this bottle would allow an early Qing date, but the use of simple incised lines in conjunction with more fully rounded carving in the clouds is related to a phenomenon found on classic Suzhou bottles of the mid-Qing period almost certainly continuing into the first half of the nineteenth century, so perhaps this is an anticipation of that style. If so, this probably dates from the Qianlong era and represents a continuation of the first-phase style concurrent with the fully developed classic wares for the snuff-bottle world which were certainly being produced by the second half of the Qianlong era.
  
  白玉三多圖鼻煙壺
  
  無瑕閃玉； 掏膛非常規整，凸斂底；雕蝙 蝠、佛手、石榴、靈芝、桃樹等吉祥物
  擬為蘇作，1720–1780
  高﹕ 6.13 厘米
  口徑/唇徑： 0.71/2.20 厘米
  蓋﹕ 碧璽；翡翠座
  
  狀態敘述：細線從底向上延伸，或為弄平的地方；出坊狀態
  
  來源:
  羅伯特．霍爾 (1985)
  
  文獻﹕
  Kleiner 1987, 編號 52
  Treasury 1, 編號 120
  
  展覽﹕
  Sydney L. Moss Ltd.，倫敦，1987年10月
  Creditanstalt, 維也納， 1993年5月～6月
  
  本壺是玉質純淨、雕工精緻的早期蘇作。其淺浮雕流暢而有節制，光活明亮瑩潤，富有美感。簡單的陰刻和比較圓滿的卷雲的湊合可能是清朝中期典型蘇作的先聲，或許是乾隆朝作的。