Footnotes

• Provenance:
  
  Reverend John Brereton of St. Mary's Church, Beverly, commissioned the tankard from Edward Mangie in 1680, gifting it to his parish.
  Thence by descent to the current vendors.
  
  Other examples:
  
  Until this, the fifth known Mangie tankard, came to light, only four other examples by him were known to exist.
  
  Hull Silver:
  
  The first mention of silversmiths in Hull is in the Chamberlain's Roll for 1427 – 1428, but the formation of The Company of Goldsmiths and Smiths and others of their brethren in 1598 marks the formal beginnings of the production of silver in Hull.
  
  The mark used was a capital 'H' with the maker's initials alongside. In time, however, this was dropped in favour of the arms of the town – three crowns – frequently struck twice. There was no official assay office in the town.
  
  Prominent amongst earlier silversmiths was Carlill, and it was a property used by him in Church Lane which became a focal point for the production of Hull silver. Carlill's daughter marred Robert Robinson, another silversmith, and bought his Freedom in the same year. Robinson's nephew, James Birkby [d. 1659], became Free in 1651. In 1660, Robinson died and Edward Mangie took over the premises. In 1685, on his death, his wife Katherine succeeded to the property. Thomas Hebden, once apprenticed to Mangie, was their only rival. On his death in 1695, his widow married his apprentice, a Huguenot journeyman called Abraham Barachin. He bought his freedom in 1705, dying in 1721. The last working silversmith in Hull was Barrachin's apprentice, Hawse Bramston, free in 1718, after which time the silversmiths were retailers only.
  
  In 1951, as part of the Festival of Britain, Kingston-upon-Hull Museum held an exhibition which displayed most of the known 101 pieces of extant Hull silver at that time. Almost one third were by Mangie or his wife, and included church, civic and domestic wares.
  
  Edward Mangie (1634 – 1685):
  
  Edward was probably the son of Henry Mangie, a locksmith of York, whose uncle was a goldsmith. When he was twenty-five, which coincided with the death of Robert Robinson, he bought his Freedom of Hull and moved to the Church Lane premises, marrying Katherine Spalding of York in 1661. They had many children although typically many of them did not reach adulthood; three children christened Edward all died, in 1668 triplets also died in infancy. Elizabeth, born in 1669, another Edward, born in 1673, and Katherine, born in 1677, all survived.
  
  The Mangies were successful in their business, producing traditional wares of good quality for church, civic and domestic use, predominantly tankards, tumbler cups and treffid spoons. They also produced ceremonial maces for the Hull and Grimsby Corporations.
  
  When Edward died in 1685, his widow continued to operate the business, using journeymen and apprentices, striking her own 'KM' mark. Their son Edward bough his Freedom and joined the firm in 1695, although there is no record of him using a mark of his own. They weathered the closure of the provincial assay offices in 1696, and on Katherine's death in 1725, and Edward's in 1739, the firm was still operating.
  
  See Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, Vol. 57 (1985) and Arthur Credland, Artists and Craftsmen of Hull and East Yorkshire, for further information.
  
  Reverend John Brereton:
  
  John Brereton was a minister from Cheshire, whose family had links with the leading families of that county and others. A petition in the Calendar of State Papers Domestic for 1683, records him as having graduated MA, probably from Oxford, since a Thomas Brereton, son of John a cleric of Beverley, is recorded as matriculating at St. John's College there in 1704 at the age of 17. Little is known of John Brereton's career and life, but the following is known of his family and estates, from which he was clearly kept as the result of a family dispute.
  
  'At the decease of Francis, 5th Baron, Brereton Hall and estates passed to the family of Holte through the marriage of Jane Brereton. It is plainly evident from the foregoing that on the death of Francis, the title of Baron of Leighlin with the Brereton estates should have descended to his cousin, Thomas Brereton of Helmingham, only son of his uncle Thomas, the fourth son of the second Lord Brereton, and therefore heir...On the death of Lord Francis it is said that Lady Elizabeth Brereton, the last surviving daughter of the second Lord Brereton, occupied Brereton Hall and held it against her fifth brother, John Brereton, Rector of Beverely, who claimed the property as the son of the second Lord...The Reverend John Brereton, whose omission by Omerod from the family pedigree is said to have been due to the Holte influence, was brought up as a son of Captain John Brereton, his uncle. When he advanced his claims he is said to have been confronted by Lady Elizabeth with the afadavit he had himself made as to his parentage. He was a decided Puritan and hence an object of abhorrence to Lady Elizabeth, who, like her mother, favoured the Roman Catholic religion, and who is said to have left all her property to the Holtes...and to have destroyed all documents at Brereton which could possibly lead to a Brereton succession...As the Reverend John Brereton failed to establish his claim and Thomas Brereton of Helmingham, for some reason as yet unexplained, did not seem aware of his right of succession, or at least made no claim, the peerage was allowed to fall into abeyance and the Brereton estates passed to the Holtes of Aston in Warwickshire, in right of Jane, wife of Sir Robert Holt, and second daughter of Sir John Brereton, Baronet, and therefore great aunt of Lord Francis.' [Robert Maitland Brereton, The Brereton's of Cheshire 1100 – 1904]
  
  
  The church of St Mary's was one of the most ancient in Beverley, and by 1660 was worth £50 per year. In 1684, John Brereton gifted plate and other gifts to the Corporation of the town. In 1689, however, Brereton was found to have appropriated church collection money – and possibly its plate - together with money collected in the town for the relief of French Protestants, and the corporation forced him to resign.
  
  His son Thomas, born in July 1686, and matriculated at St. John's at the age of 17 in 1704, took the B.C.L. in 1711, was a minor canon of Winchester in 1719, and vicar of Preston Candover in Hampshire from 1726. He died on the 28th December 1752.

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Category: Decorative Arts / Silver

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